Question How do I go about limiting the magnitude of a vector velocity w/o affecting its relative direction?

This was my attempt:
Basically, I have an an Rigidbody I call "Hitbox", and an empty "Eyes", as its child. When I press wasd keys my player moves. But somehow the direction of its movement is a little skewed; it goes sideways in a subtle way.
I am pretty sure the error is in this piece of code:

What I believe this code is failing at doing is translating the direction of the transform to "Eyes".

Code (CSharp):

1. if (Hitbox.velocity.magnitude > max_speed)
2.         {
3.  
4.             Vector3 HitboxVectors = new Vector3(Mathf.Clamp(Hitbox.velocity.x, -max_speed, max_speed), Hitbox.velocity.y, Mathf.Clamp(Hitbox.velocity.z, -max_speed, max_speed));
5.             Hitbox.velocity = Eyes.transform.InverseTransformDirection(HitboxVectors);
6.  
7.         } //Limit horizontal velocity

 

If you want to set the magnitude of a vector to 1.0f, you use

myVector.normalized

or

myVector.Normalize()

.

If you want to set it to any other particular length, just do

myVector = myDesiredLength * myVector.normalized

. You'll end up with NaN values if your original value was Vector.zero.

 

How would this solve the issue that I have?
Somehow it's affecting the direction, or not taking it in count.

 

Normalizing a vector, or multiplying a vector by a scalar won’t change its direction, only its magnitude.

Your code clamps each component in the vector separately, don’t do that. Instead, calculate the magnitude of the vector, clamp it to the maximum desired magnitude (max_speed) then normalize the vector and multiply it by the clamped magnitude.

 

Or you can open the documentation for vector3 https://docs.unity3d.com/ScriptReference/Vector3.html and notice that there is a method with almost the same name as question in the name of this topic: ClampMagnitude .

 

Are you applying a force to a moving object? If so, then changing the magnitude of the force will change the resulting direction (unless the force is parallel to the direction of movement).

Imagine lightly tapping a moving object versus hitting it with a sledgehammer. The resulting speed and direction will vary.