Error when building Android .APK

Hi, I'm fairly new to unity, and just experimenting with publishing to android, I am using Unity 2017 4.17f1, JDK 1.8 and the latest Android SDK. I press build, the progress bar nearly reaches the end but then throws up this error:



It also printed this in the console:

CommandInvokationFailure: Gradle build failed.
C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.8.0_191\bin\java.exe -classpath "D:\Program Files\Unity\Editor\Data\PlaybackEngines\AndroidPlayer\Tools\gradle\lib\gradle-launcher-4.6.jar" org.gradle.launcher.GradleMain "-Dorg.gradle.jvmargs=-Xmx4096m" "assembleRelease"

stderr[
D8: Program type already present: com.unity3d.ads.mediation.IUnityAdsExtendedListener

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':transformDexArchiveWithExternalLibsDexMergerForRelease'.
> com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerException: Error while merging dex archives: D:\Documents\Zoom Racing\Temp\gradleOut\build\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\release\0.jar, D:\Documents\Zoom Racing\Temp\gradleOut\build\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\release\1.jar, D:\Documents\Zoom Racing\Temp\gradleOut\build\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\release\2.jar, D:\Documents\Zoom Racing\Temp\gradleOut\build\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\release\3.jar, D:\Documents\Zoom Racing\Temp\gradleOut\build\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\release\4.jar, D:\Documents\Zoom Racing\Temp\gradleOut\build\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\release\5.jar, D:\Documents\Zoom Racing\Temp\gradleOut\build\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\release\6.jar, D:\Documents\Zoom Racing\Temp\gradleOut\build\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\release\7.jar, D:\Documents\Zoom Racing\Temp\gradleOut\build\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\release\8.jar, D:\Documents\Zoom Racing\Temp\gradleOut\build\intermediates\transforms\dexBuilder\release\9.jar
Program type already present: com.unity3d.ads.mediation.IUnityAdsExtendedListener
Learn how to resolve the issue at https://developer.android.com/studio/build/dependencies#duplicate_classes.

* Try:
Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace. Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output. Run with --scan to get full insights.

* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org

BUILD FAILED in 35s
]
stdout[
Starting a Gradle Daemon (subsequent builds will be faster)
WARNING: Configuration 'compile' is obsolete and has been replaced with 'implementation' and 'api'.
It will be removed at the end of 2018. For more information see: http://d.android.com/r/tools/update-dependency-configurations.html
:checkReleaseClasspath
reBuild UP-TO-DATE
reReleaseBuild
:compileReleaseAidl NO-SOURCE
:compileReleaseRenderscript
:checkReleaseManifest
:generateReleaseBuildConfig
repareLintJar
:mainApkListPersistenceRelease
:generateReleaseResValues
:generateReleaseResources
:mergeReleaseResources
:createReleaseCompatibleScreenManifests
rocessReleaseManifest
:splitsDiscoveryTaskRelease
rocessReleaseResources
:generateReleaseSources
:javaPreCompileRelease
:compileReleaseJavaWithJavac
:compileReleaseNdk NO-SOURCE
:compileReleaseSources
:lintVitalRelease
:mergeReleaseShaders
:compileReleaseShaders
:generateReleaseAssets
:mergeReleaseAssets
:transformClassesWithDexBuilderForRelease
:transformDexArchiveWithExternalLibsDexMergerForRelease FAILED
21 actionable tasks: 21 executed
]
exit code: 1
UnityEditor.Android.Command.WaitForProgramToRun (UnityEditor.Utils.Program p, UnityEditor.Android.WaitingForProcessToExit waitingForProcessToExit, System.String errorMsg)
UnityEditor.Android.Command.Run (System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo psi, UnityEditor.Android.WaitingForProcessToExit waitingForProcessToExit, System.String errorMsg)
UnityEditor.Android.AndroidJavaTools.RunJava (System.String args, System.String workingdir, System.Action`1 progress, System.String error)
UnityEditor.Android.GradleWrapper.Run (System.String workingdir, System.String task, System.Action`1 progress)
Rethrow as GradleInvokationException: Gradle build failed
UnityEditor.Android.GradleWrapper.Run (System.String workingdir, System.String task, System.Action`1 progress)
UnityEditor.Android.PostProcessor.Tasks.BuildGradleProject.Execute (UnityEditor.Android.PostProcessor.PostProcessorContext context)
UnityEditor.Android.PostProcessor.PostProcessRunner.RunAllTasks (UnityEditor.Android.PostProcessor.PostProcessorContext context)
UnityEngine.GUIUtilityrocessEvent(Int32, IntPtr)

 

Does this happen on a new/empty project also?

 

Interesting, just tested it and it works fine with an empty project.. I believe it could be something to do with duplicate libraries/assets being imported to my project or something like that? (may have got the word wrong there)

 

The message in the error may help: Learn how to resolve the issue at https://developer.android.com/studio/build/dependencies#duplicate_classes.

 

I did check out that link, but it seems to relate only to people who are using android studio to build their project. I don't have any gradle file I can edit from inside Unity.. right?

 

Correct. We'll need specific steps to reproduce.

 

Sorry, I'm not quite sure what you mean.

 

Please provide directions how we might see the same behavior in a new project. It doesn't happen in a brand new project, but happens in the larger project. Provide steps to reproduce what you are seeing, starting with an new/empty project.

 

@flyinglimousine from your error message, i believe this is the root cause:

So, it appears that you may have duplicate libraries related to Unity Ads.

This is a typical error that occurs in case you included the Unity ads libraries yourself, but then added them once again through the "Services" tab in the editor.

Try to see if you have any files named similarly to UnityAds (with .jar or .aar extension) in your project - remove those and then try to re-import it through the "Services" tab. then try to rebuild and see if it works

Let me know if you need any further assistance.

 

I just had the exact same problem, and the cause is what @liortal mentions.

 

Same problem here @liortal and @srodrigodev ...

I imported the ads support through the asset store (Unity monetization 3.03) and I also switched on Unity ads in the services tab. (Do I understand you correctly above when you say that this can/will cause duplication of libraries?)

I get this error message:

. com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerException: Error while merging dex archives: ...........

Followed @liortal s advice and found one file UnityAds.jar (but not any file UnityAds.aar) and tried to remove it. That did not fix the issue though...

Most grateful for any help here!

 

This is discussed in the Ads forum, you should check and/or post there https://forum.unity.com/forums/unity-ads.67/

 

Thanks @JeffDUnity3D.

To be honest I do not know if I'm even diagnosing the problem correctly at the moment. I'm looking at the threads at the UnityAds forum and nothing seems really to be my problem.

Here is some more error message detail:

From popup:

"com.android.builder.dexing.DexArchiveMergerException: Error while merging dex archives:...."

From console:

"CommandInvokationFailure: Gradle build failed.
/Applications/Unity/PlaybackEngines/AndroidPlayer/Tools/OpenJDK/MacOS/bin/java -classpath "/Applications/Unity/PlaybackEngines/AndroidPlayer/Tools/gradle/lib/gradle-launcher-4.6.jar" org.gradle.launcher.GradleMain "-Dorg.gradle.jvmargs=-Xmx4096m" "assembleRelease"

stderr[
D8: Program type already present: android.support.annotation.AnyThread
..........."

And further down

":transformDexArchiveWithExternalLibsDexMergerForRelease FAILED"


Do these messages indicate that this is a problem with UnityAds? Or is it something else?

Thanks!

 

@Haze74 If you started getting this error after ads integration, then you should be posting in the Ads forum. If not, then you probably want the Android forum https://forum.unity.com/forums/android.30/

 

I had this issue in my project, I just resolved it, for me it was because there was 2 folders called plugins assioted to play games service folders, turns out both contained xml manifest. I deleted the plugin folder that was related to the old play games service that I had tried remove

 

Fixed.. Thanks Lot Mate..
one more beside this matter [ Unity Ads vs Ad mob what u prefer?]

 

That allowed me to build, but app completely crashes on start now.