Android Project - Multiple dex files define Lcom/android/vending/billing/BuildConfig

I have been trying to export an Google Android Project from Unity so I can integrate an external library with Gradle.

I am using :
- Unity 5.4 Beta 18 OSX
- Android Studio 2.1.1

I had first attempted to use Unity 5.3.4 & 5.3.5 but it was crashing on launch in what appeared to be an issue with the Unity IAP export when building a Google Android Project. A bit of research lead me to believe that the issue was resolved in the latest 5.4 Beta, however now I am getting a Multiple define error when building.

Something signigant has changed as now I have a googleAIDL, googlePlay, and unity adsrelease folders.

• cupcakeTest
• common
• googleAIDL
• googlePlay
• unityadsrelease
• unityandroidresources
• Gradle Scripts

The error the gradle build is failing on:

Error:Error converting bytecode to dex:
Cause: com.android.dex.DexException: Multiple dex files define Lcom/android/vending/billing/BuildConfig;

Error:Execution failed for task ':cupcakeDigital:transformClassesWithDexForDebug'.
> com.android.build.api.transform.TransformException: com.android.ide.common.process.ProcessException: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: com.android.ide.common.process.ProcessException: org.gradle.process.internal.ExecException: Process 'command '/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_25.jdk/Contents/Home/bin/java'' finished with non-zero exit value 2

When trying to remove this particular class it just moved onto the next one and repeat the error again. Is this a Unity issue with IAP and Ads or could this be something specific with my project?

If I build just to an APK from Unity it works fine but then i cannot implement the external SDK. I can also export a test scene without Ads or IAP enabled and it does work in Project. I will try and enable those next to see if it is specifically these addons.

 

After a few more tests on a fresh project I have confirmed that once you turn on Unity IAP in the services panel this error will occur in your google android project. These last few tests were with Unity 5.3.5p1 and 5.4.0b20.

I will file a bug and in the meantime try and find a workaround.

 

Bug Filed https://fogbugz.unity3d.com/default.asp?803400_q536ombn69giejor

 

I'm not using Unity IAP, I get this
Error:Error converting bytecode to dex:
Cause: com.android.dex.DexException: Multiple dex files define Landroid/support/v4/accessibilityservice/AccessibilityServiceInfoCompat$AccessibilityServiceInfoVersionImpl;

 

Hey Sebrofjr, did you ever find a workaround?
I am having this exact issue

Thanks
Andrew

 

Hi, guys! Is there any solution? Thanks
I can confirm, it's not generated by Unity IAP

 

Hi,
I'm also having similar issue. not able to make apk file from Android Studio.

I'm using
- Unity 5.3.5p7 with Unity IAP
- Gradle 2.14.1
- Android Studio V_2.2.2

Help would be appreciated.
Thanks

 

@Yury-Habets , is it really happening from Unity IAP? if I delete BuildConfig.class,what impact will it have on IAP purchases?

Thanks,
Tanveer.

 

@tanveerm, that would have actually no impact. This class is auto-generated and contains information about the configuration(tools versions) of the build.
@Yury-Habets, I'm not using Unity IAP. But, I have: Facebook, OpenIAB, Fyber, Helpshift, NativeLibrary and a couple more plugins in the project.

The temporary solution for me(as I really need to have all my plugins in the project) was to remove BuildConfig class from the .jars with the help of WinRar.

 

This worked for me too, thank you! I just searched the whole project structure exported from Unity for "*.jar" and then just searched for BuildConfig class in every .jar file and deleted every occurence. Then I imported and built my project in AndroidStudio, and it worked, no more exceptions.

 

Any normal solution for this issue?

 

@Qbit88 @andyisbonza @tanveerm We suspect the Unity 5.3-era Exporter's transformation of the Java archives (AARs) made it more likely to see a duplicate symbol build problem later in this case's build pipeline.

We're not planning on stripping the BuildConfig classes, currently: Unity IAP does include a BuildConfig.class in some of its AARs and another copy seems to have been injected somewhere in the 5.3/5.4-era "ADT" (considering retiring this soon) exporter, or possibly by a latter phase in the build toolchain after Unity. (Thanks to @Sebrofjr for the repro detail in his case.)

I believe a resolution can be found in Unity 5.5's "Gradle export" (versus the 5.3-era "ADT export"). It could resolve this particular duplicate class vulnerability since there is no transformation of the AARs; they are kept intact as the sole source of these Java classes for the latter steps of the build chain, Android Studio in this case.

Also, the workaround of performing a kind of "ZIP surgery" on the classes.jar enclosed within the various AARs and stripping the BuildConfig.class, should also still work. I believe this would be unnecessary with Unity 5.5's Gradle export however.

 

I've hit this issue exactly migrating from “Build System: Internal (Default)” to “Build System: Gradle (New)” (with no export at first). I have not tried “Build System: ADT (Legacy)”. Unity 5.5.4f1.

 

As said before, removing BluildConfig from the Unity jar solves the issue.
In my case, the conflict started after adding the Kochava SDK.
On a mac, you do it like this:

Code (CSharp):

1. # Removing duplicated class [B]BuildClass[/B]
2. # List classes from JAR files
3. $ cd Assets
4. $ find . -name '*.jar' -exec grep -Hls BuildConfig {} \;
5. ./Plugins/Android/GoogleMobileAdsPlugin/libs/unity-plugin-library.jar
6. ./Plugins/Android/KochavaSDK.jar
7. # Remove class
8. $ zip -d ./Plugins/Android/GoogleMobileAdsPlugin/libs/unity-plugin-library.jar "*/BuildConfig.class

 

For anyone looking to solve this issue here is what I added in each Android plugin's gradle:

Code (CSharp):

1.  
2. task removeBuildConfig(dependsOn: "compileReleaseSources") {
3.     doFirst {
4.         file("$buildDir/intermediates/classes/release/pathToFile/BuildConfig.class").delete()
5.     }
6. }
7.  

 

Did you change the pathToFile part in the path or just put it in like that?

 

I'm using Unity 2017.2.0f2 Gradle and still get Duplicate zip entry ...BuildConfig.class

Code (csharp):

1. Execution failed for task ':transformClassesAndResourcesWithProguardForRelease'.
2. > java.io.IOException: Can't write [...\Temp\gradleOut\build\intermediates\transforms\proguard\release\jars\3\1f\main.jar] (Can't read [...\Temp\gradleOut\build\intermediates\exploded-aar\gradleOut\UnityOBBDownloader\unspecified\jars\classes.jar(;;;;;;**/*.class)] (Duplicate zip entry [classes.jar:com/unity3d/player/BuildConfig.class]))

 

@nicholasr Have you ever tried building Android-games with Gradle instead of legacy internal build system?

 

I faced same error in 2017.3.0f3. I simply changed build System to internal from gradle as I was not using any plugins.
Build Settings -> build system

 

Has anyone been able to resolve this? Here's where I'm at:

Code (csharp):

1. Could not load custom rule jar file /Users/.../.../.../Temp/gradleOut/build/intermediates/exploded-aar/timber-4.5.1/jars/lint.jar
2. java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/android/tools/lint/detector/api/Detector$JavaPsiScanner
3.    at ...
4.    ...
5.    ...
6. Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.android.tools.lint.detector.api.Detector$JavaPsiScanner
7.    ...
8.    ... 140 more
9.  
10. FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.
11.  
12. * What went wrong:
13. Execution failed for task ':transformClassesWithJarMergingForDebug'.
14. > com.android.build.api.transform.TransformException: java.util.zip.ZipException: duplicate entry: com/.../.../BuildConfig.class

I've been digging through forum posts for a while. I've set minifyEnabled and multiDexEnabled to true, and also added the following to the standard mainTemplate.gradle file:

Code (csharp):

1. dexOptions {
2.   preDexLibraries = false
3. }
4.  
5. afterEvaluate {
6.   applicationVariants.all {
7.     variant ->
8.       // variantName: e.g. Debug, Release
9.       def variantName = variant.name.capitalize()
10.       // now we tell gradle to always start lint after compile
11.       // e.g. start lintDebug after compileDebugSources
12.       project.tasks["compile${variantName}Sources"].doLast {
13.       project.tasks["lint${variantName}"].execute()[/INDENT]
14.     }
15.   }
16. }

That seems to have "changed" the error, but didn't get rid of it. Previously I'd see the same "multiple dex files define so-and-so". Really getting stumped with this, but we need this working as we need to add more native plugins. Any input's appreciated. FYI, using Unity 5.6.5p1.

 

this worked for me

 

I still get this error, so I can't build using Gradle...
When will they fix that ?

 

I am having the same issue when i imported the Facebook sdk in unity 2018.1.0...how to find BuildConfig.class??

 

I opened my project and searched for the file and the path was something like:
C:\...\PROJECTFOLDER\Temp\gradleOut\build\intermediates\classes\debug\com\COMPANYNAME\PROJECTNAME

 

What is the Solution to the error "Cant convert to Dex"

 

I am having this issue with the current Facebook SDK 7.13. Any solutions to this?

I have tried
1. reinstalling the SDK
2. wiping the temp folder
3. switch to internal build

 

I'm having this exact same issue after adding unity IAP to services.

Modal

com.android.build.api.transform.TransformException: com.android.ide.common.process.ProcessException: java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: com.android.dex.DexException: Multiple dex files define Lcom/unity3d/ads/BuildConfig; See the Console for details.

How do we build .apks? I'm using XR so Gradle can't be turned off

 

I've also got the same issue after switching on Unity Ads on Unity 2018.2.8 and eventually getting multiDex to work (I think!), I still get this error:

I've spent hours looking for a solution to no avail, also trying to find out if anyone knows the location of the IAP plugin .jar file to try removing the BuildConfig.class file, as mentioned from a Unity3d person above, if that's still a valid solution? but I've no idea where it's located. I've tried searching the Unity install folder but can't see anything relating to IAP.

How is anyone using IAP in an Android project at the moment if this error completely prevents a .apk file of your project from being created?

Edit: Ok, so I tried one last search and it turns out I had the Ads package installed and Ads turned on from the services window! I think I downloaded the package because I'd been following an tutorial that was older perhaps?
I removed the package and the android build worked!

 

It's funny/ sad that it's still an issue 4yrs later

I just added Unity Ads and Unity IAP.

Changing from Gradle to the Internal Build still fails:

CommandInvokationFailure: Unable to convert classes into dex format.

...

 translation error: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: already added: Lcom/unity3d/ads/BuildConfig;

Uncaught translation error: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: already added: Lcom/unity3d/ads/IUnityAdsListener;

Uncaught translation error: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: already added: Lcom/unity3d/ads/UnityAds;

Uncaught translation error: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: already added: Lcom/unity3d/ads/UnityAds$FinishState;

Uncaught translation error: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: already added: Lcom/unity3d/ads/UnityAds$PlacementState;

Uncaught translation error: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: already added: Lcom/unity3d/ads/UnityAds$UnityAdsError;

Uncaught translation error: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: already added: Lcom/unity3d/ads/mediation/IUnityAdsExtendedListener;

Uncaught translation error: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: already added: Lcom/unity3d/ads/metadata/InAppPurchaseMetaData;

Uncaught translation error: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: already added: Lcom/unity3d/ads/metadata/MediationMetaData;

Similar from Gradle:

stderr[

Dex: Error converting bytecode to dex:

Cause: com.android.dex.DexException: Multiple dex files define Lcom/unity3d/ads/BuildConfig;

    UNEXPECTED TOP-LEVEL EXCEPTION:

com.android.dex.DexException: Multiple dex files define Lcom/unity3d/ads/BuildConfig;

...

Tried to fix it:

Opening in 7zip:
Assets\plugins\Android\UnityAds.aar\classes.jar\com\unity3d\ads\
deleting BuildConfig.class

Then get error:

Cause: com.android.dex.DexException: Multiple dex files define Lcom/unity3d/ads/IUnityAdsListener;

Then deleting that...

Multiple dex files define Lcom/unity3d/ads/UnityAds$FinishState;

Then deleting all classes....

Multiple dex files define Lcom/unity3d/ads/mediation/IUnityAdsExtendedListener;

Then finally deleting the whole Assets\plugins\Android\UnityAds.aar....

Allows it to build, but obviously you can't use Unity Ads

ad = Monetization.GetPlacementContent(placementId) as ShowAdPlacementContent;

(ad is null)

So no go on Unity Ads :/

 

Found the answer from post: https://forum.unity.com/threads/ads-not-working.606127/

Summary:

Don't follow Unity's instructions, which are completely wrong.
Disable Ads Under services (but leave Analytics)
Remove Advertisement from Windows->Package Manager
Install 'Unity Monetization 3.0' from the asset store (5th one when searching 'Monetization', non existent when searching 'ads')

(Issue seems to be because monetization adds the unity ads aar, but so does package manager, and services might add it again, so it tries to put in 2-3versions of the library, and the only one that's valid from code is the one downloaded from the asset store)

 

I get this issue when using a custom gradle template. But it works fine when not using one.