2D Character Movements

Hi!

I'm very new to the Unity engine (and to programming as well), I did a few basic projects (Text based adventure game and a basic block breaker with particles and sound). I have basic knowledge of programming, but lately I've been trying to code a "controller" for my 2 character many different ways and I can't find the right one.
(I have animations done that I linked with the character's movements)

First I tried moving it with the arrows, using two floats for the Horizontal and Vertical axis (like this) :

Code (CSharp):

1.  
2. publicAnimator anim;
3. publicRigidbody2D rbody;
4. private float inputH;
5. private float inputV;
6.  
7. anim = GetComponent<Animator>();
8. rbody = GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();
9.  
10. inputH = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
11. inputV = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");
12.        
13.         anim.SetFloat("inputH", inputH);
14.         anim.SetFloat("inputV", inputV);
15.  
16. float moveX = inputH*230f*Time.deltaTime;
17. float moveY = inputV*230f*Time.deltaTime;

But it didn't work out as I wanted and my character was like "sliding" on ice when moving and didn't stop right when I stopped pressing the key.

I am right now trying my way with some very ugly, messy and heavy code but it's the only way that comes to my mind, I haven't been able to find a good tutorial online on 2D Sprite movement.

Code (CSharp):

1. public Animator anim;
2. public Rigidbody2D rbody;
3.  
4.     void Start ()
5. {
6.     anim = GetComponent<Animator>();
7.     rbody = GetComponent<Rigidbody2D>();
8. }
9. if (Input.GetKeyDown("d"))
10.         {
11.             anim.Play("PlayerRun(R)", -1);
12.             rbody.velocity = new Vector2(1.6f, 0f);
13.         }
14.         if (Input.GetKeyUp("d"))
15.         {
16.             anim.Play("PlayerIdle(R)", -1);
17.             rbody.velocity = new Vector2(0f, 0f);
18.         }
19.        
20.         //RUN LEFT
21.        
22.         if (Input.GetKeyDown("q"))
23.         {
24.             anim.Play("PlayerRun(L)", -1);
25.             rbody.velocity = new Vector2(-1.6f, 0f);
26.         }
27.         if (Input.GetKeyUp("q"))
28.         {
29.             anim.Play("PlayerIdle(L)", -1);
30.             rbody.velocity = new Vector2(0f, 0f);
31.         }      
32.        
33.         //JUMP
34.        
35.         if (Input.GetKey(KeyCode.Space))
36.         {
37.             anim.Play("PlayerJump(R)", -1);
38.             //int jumP = rbody.velocity = new Vector3(0f, 5f, 0f);
39.         }
40.        
41.         //ATTACKS
42.        
43.         if (this.anim.GetCurrentAnimatorStateInfo(0).IsName("PlayerIdle(R)") && Input.GetKeyDown("k"))
44.         {
45.             anim.Play("PlayerSlash1(R)", -1);
46.         }
47.        
48.         if (this.anim.GetCurrentAnimatorStateInfo(0).IsName("PlayerSlash1(R)") && Input.GetKeyUp("k"))
49.         {
50.             anim.Play("PlayerIdle(R)", -1);
51.         }
52.        
53.         if (this.anim.GetCurrentAnimatorStateInfo(0).IsName("PlayerIdle(R)") && Input.GetKeyDown("l"))
54.         {
55.             anim.Play("PlayerSlash2(R)", -1);
56.         }
57.        
58.         if (this.anim.GetCurrentAnimatorStateInfo(0).IsName("PlayerSlash2(R)") && Input.GetKeyUp("l"))
59.         {
60.             anim.Play("PlayerIdle(R)", -1);
61.         }
62.        

Right now, everything works fine, my character doesn't slide and it does stop moving when I release the "D" key, although I know what I'm writing is terrible and will break at some point.
I would really appreciate if anyone would help me out there an explain and show precisely how I should code any 2D Character controller.

Thanks !

PS: (Here's a video of how it works as for now :

)
I do not claim the property of the sprites, they're property of GregarLink10 (http://gregarlink10.deviantart.com/)